Enforcement Strategies

Alternative Livelihoods Development provides sustainable, conservation-friendly economic opportunities to communities involved in or affected by wildlife crime. Activities include socio-economic assessments to identify viable alternatives, promoting eco-tourism, developing sustainable agriculture and agroforestry, establishing community-based fisheries and marine conservation programmes, supporting wildlife-friendly handicrafts, and introducing sustainable aquaculture. These initiatives are designed to reduce dependency on illegal wildlife activities while supporting human well-being, biodiversity conservation, and long-term community development.

In the CAR-WEN Strategic Plan, Alternative Livelihoods Development is identified as an expanded operations strategy aimed at addressing the socio-economic drivers of wildlife crime. The approach combines coordinated planning with targeted sectoral initiatives, from eco-tourism partnerships and agricultural cooperatives to community-led marine protection and artisanal product development. By aligning conservation objectives with income generation, and engaging stakeholders such as community leaders, NGOs, government agencies, and private sector partners, the strategy builds local ownership and resilience.

Looking ahead, creating sustainable alternatives to illegal wildlife activities will remain essential for achieving lasting wildlife enforcement outcomes. Strengthening market access, expanding technical training, and ensuring ongoing monitoring of livelihoods will help secure both economic stability and ecological integrity. As these initiatives mature, they will contribute to a regional shift toward economies that value and protect biodiversity, making communities active partners in combating wildlife crime.